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目的通过检测了解阿克苏地区目标人群白喉、A群流脑及甲型、乙型肝炎抗体水平,为阿克苏地区开展免疫规划工作提供科学依据。方法按分层抽样法在全地区综合医院抽取3个适龄儿童组共1 095份血清,采用酶联免疫(ELISA)法分组检测白喉IgG、A群流脑IgG抗体、甲型肝炎IgG及乙型肝炎表面抗体。结果白喉IgG、乙肝抗体、A群流脑IgG和甲型肝炎IgG抗体总阳性率分别为56.48%、80.05%、92.67%和97.60%。不同性别白喉IgG抗体、乙型肝炎表面抗体、甲型肝炎IgG抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为0.535 7、2.108 0、0.460 8,P>0.05);不同性别A群流脑抗体水平阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.361 7,P<0.05)。不同民族白喉IgG抗体、甲型肝炎IgG抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为30.936、15.187,P<0.05);乙型肝炎表面抗体、A群流脑抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为2.094 3、0.003,P>0.05)。结论阿克苏地区地区目标人群甲型肝炎IgG抗体水平较高,白喉IgG抗体水平则较低,提示在今后的工作中,在做好基础免疫的同时,要重视强化免疫接种质量的管理。
Objective To detect the levels of Diphtheria, Group A meningitis and hepatitis A and B antibodies in target population of Aksu region and provide scientific basis for immunization planning in Aksu Prefecture. Methods A total of 1 095 serum samples from 3 school-age children in the general hospital were collected by stratified sampling. Serum samples of diphtheria IgG, group A meningitis IgG, hepatitis A IgG and type B hepatitis B were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Hepatitis surface antibody. Results The total positive rates of IgG, HBeAg, IgG in Group A meningitis and IgG in hepatitis A were 56.48%, 80.05%, 92.67% and 97.60% respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of IgG, HBeAg and IgG between different sexes (P <0.05). The positive rates of IgG antibody against hepatitis B were not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.535 7, 2.108 0,0.460 8, P> 0.05) The positive rate of meningitis antibody was significantly different (χ2 = 5.361 7, P <0.05). There were significant differences in the positive rates of different ethnic diphtheria IgG antibodies and hepatitis A IgG antibodies (χ ~ 2 values of 30.936 and 15.187, respectively, P <0.05). The positive rates of hepatitis B virus surface antibody and group A meningitis antibody No statistical significance (χ ~ 2 values were 2.094 3,0.003, P> 0.05). Conclusions A target population of Aksu region has a high level of hepatitis A and IgG antibodies to diphtheria, which indicates that in the future work, we should pay attention to the management of intensive immunization while doing well in basic immunization.