不同于西方哲学严格的形式逻辑体系,《论语》看似散乱的格言具有贯穿“人文逻辑”的内在体系。孔子的思想重视行动和实践,知行合一,因此没有通过思辨发展出一整套的哲学体系。孔子没有下定义的习惯,也就没有发展出一套哲学思想的术语。其思想体现在具体的人格方面,是通过日常(当时)词汇表达出来的,但是他的实践人格赋予这些词汇以新的内容。对于这种与人格相关的思想名词,徐复观称之为“质地名词”。而对《论语》的现代阐释必须紧扣其概念和逻辑的特征,唯其如此,才能对孔子思想有较为符合原意的理解。 Unlike the strict formal logic system of Western philosophy, the seemingly scattered motto of the Analects has an internal system that runs through “humanistic logic.” Confucius’ thought paid much attention to action and practice and consistence of knowledge and practice, so he did not develop a whole set of philosophical systems through speculation. Confucius did not define the habit, there is no development of a set of philosophical terms. Its ideas are embodied in specific personality aspects, expressed through everyday (then) words, but his practical personality gives these words new content. For such personality-related thought nouns, Xu Fuguan called “texture nouns.” However, the modern explanation of The Analects must be closely linked with the characteristics of its concepts and logic. Only in this way can Confucius’ thought be more in line with the original meaning.