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以胡杨、多枝柽柳、铃铛刺和黑刺4种天然荒漠植物为研究对象,对植株单株周围风速以及输沙量的变化进行了观测。结果表明,胡杨对地表风速和输沙量的防阻作用不明显,多枝柽柳、铃铛刺和黑刺灌丛对地表风速和输沙量的影响较明显;不同灌丛的迎风面2倍树高(TH)处的风速大于迎风面1TH处风速,输沙量大小与风速大小成正比;灌丛两侧1TH处的风速与输沙量大于迎风面1TH和2TH处风速与输沙量;背风面1TH处的风速最小,背风面风速达到一定距离后渐渐恢复原来的风速;背风面输沙量1TH处最小,距离越远越大;这4种植物的防风效益依次为多枝柽柳B1>胡杨A1>多枝柽柳B2>铃铛刺C1>黑刺D1>铃铛刺C2>黑刺D2>胡杨A2。
Four species of natural desert plants, Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima, Bells and black thorn, were selected as research objects to observe the changes of wind speed and sediment transport around the plant. The results showed that Populus euphratica had no significant effect on surface wind speed and sediment load. The effects of Populus nigra, Bell stings and black thorn shrubs on surface wind speed and sediment load were obvious. The wind speed at TH is greater than the wind speed at 1 TH on the windward side, and the amount of sediment is proportional to the wind speed. The wind speed and sediment load at 1TH on both sides of shrub are greater than those at 1TH and 2TH on windward side. The wind speed at the surface 1TH is the smallest, and the wind speed at the leeward surface gradually regains the original wind speed when the wind speed reaches a certain distance; the minimum 1TH at the leeward surface and the greater and greater the distance; the windbreaking benefits of the four plants are as follows: A1> Tamarix B2> Bells C1> Black thorn D1> Bells C2> Black thorn D2> Populus A2.