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这篇文章从进化心理学的视角阐述了认知偏向研究的方法和基本理论,进化心理学认为人类认知存在系统的偏向,这种有偏的认知通常是自然选择设计的特征。认知偏向的误差管理理论认为:如果认知在不确定条件下做出,并且错误肯定和错误否定的错误的成本在进化历史上不对称情况循环出现,自然选择偏爱犯最小成本错误的认知偏向。认知偏向研究的进化心理学方式有助于系统地产生关于领域特定化的认知偏向的预测。
This essay elaborates the methods and basic theories of cognitive biases from the perspective of evolutionary psychology. Phylogeny of psychology considers that there is a systematic bias in human cognition. Biased cognition is usually a feature of natural selection design. Cognitive biased error management theory holds that if cognition is made under uncertain conditions, and the false costs of false positives and false negatives circulate in the evolutionary history, the natural selection prefers to make the mistake of making the least cost Biased. The evolutionary psychology approach to cognitive biases helps systematically generate predictions of cognitive bias in domain-specificizations.