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最近,关于对砂岩油藏断层如何限制流体流动有了深入了解,促进了油藏模拟技术的提高。然而,在断层封堵性方面还存在着许多不确定性因素,使得大多数的模拟模型也有欠缺。从细节上讲,这些不确定性因素包括:断层横向连续性的变化、断裂带的性质、断裂带厚度的变化以及断层破坏带内外的微裂缝带对断层封堵性分析的不确定性都有影响。地震资料的欠缺,诸如时间延迟带、延迟状况、频率变化以及断裂带周围小断层的分布等等,这些因素都大大降低了数值模拟模型结果的确定性。在北海北部Gullfaks油田,通过详细分析地震资料和测井资料,可以很好地解释复杂构造油藏特征。在许多情况下这些分析结果可输入油藏模拟模型,以进一步改善油藏模型的效果。通过断层封堵性分析研究可有效提高原油采收率,说明了北海Gullfaks油田封堵性分析要综合许多油气田已取得的研究成果,而不是对单一油田的局部知识信息研究就能奏效的。
More recently, there has been a deep understanding of how sandstone reservoir faults limit fluid flow, which has contributed to the enhancement of reservoir simulation techniques. However, there are still many uncertainties in fault sealing, making most of the simulation models lacking. In terms of details, these uncertainties include: changes in the lateral continuity of the fault, the nature of the fault zone, the change in the thickness of the fault zone, and the uncertainty of the fault sealing analysis of the microfracture zone both inside and outside the fault zone influences. The lack of seismic data, such as the time delay zone, the delay condition, the frequency variation and the distribution of small faults around the fault zone, all of these factors greatly reduce the certainty of the numerical simulation results. In the Gullfaks field north of the North Sea, the characteristics of complex structural reservoirs can be well explained by detailed analysis of seismic and logging data. In many cases, the results of these analyzes can be input into a reservoir simulation model to further improve the effectiveness of the reservoir model. The analysis of fault sealing can effectively improve the recovery rate of crude oil. It shows that the integrated analysis of the Gullfaks oil field in the North Sea should synthesize the research results obtained in many oil and gas fields, rather than studying the local knowledge information of a single oil field.