目的：为治疗甲状腺癌手术清除淋巴结和放射治疗范围提供解剖学基础。方法：在５０例新生儿及婴儿尸体上，用普鲁士兰氯仿溶液向甲状腺侧叶的实质内注射，观察其淋巴引流及颈淋巴结。结果：①甲状腺侧叶的淋巴引流主要注入同侧颈深上、中、下淋巴结，气管旁、气管前淋巴结，喉前淋巴结和锁骨上淋巴结；②此外，有些淋巴管经颈深淋巴结后注入同侧的副神经淋巴结和下颌下淋巴结；③还有部分淋巴管越过中线注入对侧的颈深中、下淋巴结，气管旁淋巴结和锁骨上淋巴结。结论：患甲状腺癌时，不仅要清除同侧的颈深淋巴结，下颌下淋巴结和锁骨上淋巴结，还要注意对侧的颈深中、下淋巴结，气管旁淋巴结和锁骨上淋巴结的清除和放射治疗。 Objective: To provide an anatomical basis for the treatment of lymph node dissection and radiation therapy in thyroid cancer surgery. Methods: Fifty newborn infants and infants were injected intraperitoneally with the Prussian blue chloroform solution into the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland to observe the lymphatic drainage and cervical lymph nodes. Results: (1) The lymphatic drainage in the lateral thyroid gland injected into the upper, middle and lower lymph nodes of the ipsilateral neck, trachea, pre-tracheal lymph node, pre-laryngeal lymph node and supraclavicular lymph node; ②In addition, some lymphatic vessels Side of the paraganglioid lymph nodes and submandibular lymph nodes; ③ there are some lymphatic into the contralateral side of the neck through the midline deep, lymph nodes, para-tracheal lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes. Conclusions: In patients with thyroid cancer, not only ipsilateral cervical deep lymph nodes, submandibular lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes should be removed, but also clearance and radiotherapy of contralateral deep cervical lymph nodes, parabronchial lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes .