尿毒症是慢性肾功能衰竭的终末期。此时,患者自身的肾脏功能几近丧失,必须依赖肾脏替代治疗才能维持生命。所谓肾脏替代治疗,就是用医疗手段来代替或弥补丧失的肾功能。目前,这种替代手段包括透析(血液透析和腹膜透析)和肾移植两种,二者各有优劣。慢性 Uremia is the end of chronic renal failure. At this point, the patient’s own kidney function almost lost, we must rely on renal replacement therapy to maintain life. The so-called kidney replacement therapy is to use medical means to replace or make up for lost kidney function. At present, such alternatives include dialysis (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) and kidney transplantation, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Chronic