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利用晋豆23和灰布支杂交构建的F13代大豆重组自交系群体的474个家系为作图群体,构建了一个含有231个SSR标记的SSR图谱。通过一年两点的随机区组田间试验和分子标记分析,研究了大豆粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比和宽厚比6个重要粒形性状。相关分析表明,同一性状两地点间呈极显著正相关,粒长与粒宽、粒宽与粒厚、长宽比与长厚比、长厚比与宽厚比之间呈极显著正相关,粒长与长宽比和粒长与长厚比呈显著正相关,粒厚与长厚比和粒厚与宽厚比呈极显著负相关、粒厚与长宽比呈显著或极显著负相关。采用复合区间作图法,通过500次排列测验分别确定各性状的LOD阈值,在汾阳和郑州2种环境条件下共定位了33个QTLs,其中粒长共检测到7个QTLs,粒宽共检测到3个QTLs,粒厚共检测到3个QTLs,长宽比共检测到6个QTLs,长厚比共检测到9个QTLs,宽厚比共检测到5个QTLs。这些QTLs在染色体上分布不均匀,具有集中分布的特点,分别位于A1,B1,B2,D1a,D2,F_2,G,I,J_2和O染色体上。研究表明,大豆粒形性状间的表型相关可能源于控制数量性状的QTLs位点间的相关。
Using 474 lines from F13 generation of recombinant inbred lines of soybean constructed by cross between Jindou 23 and Bianbuzhi, a SSR map containing 231 SSR markers was constructed. Through field experiments and molecular marker analysis of randomized block plots at two locations in one year, six important grain traits of grain length, grain width, grain thickness, aspect ratio, aspect ratio and aspect ratio of soybean were studied. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the same traits, grain length and grain width, grain width and grain thickness, aspect ratio and aspect ratio, aspect ratio and aspect ratio were extremely significant There was a significant positive correlation between aspect ratio and grain length and aspect ratio. There was a significant negative correlation between grain thickness and aspect ratio and grain thickness and aspect ratio. Grain thickness and aspect ratio had significant or extremely significant negative correlation. The composite interval mapping method was used to determine the LOD threshold of each trait by 500 permutation tests. Total 33 QTLs were co-localized in Fenyang and Zhengzhou under the two environmental conditions, including 7 QTLs detected by grain length Three QTLs were detected. Three QTLs were detected in grain thickness. Six QTLs were detected by aspect ratio. Nine QTLs were detected by aspect ratio, and five QTLs were detected by aspect ratio. These QTLs were heterogeneously distributed on the chromosomes and distributed in a centralized manner. They were located on the A1, B1, B2, D1a, D2, F_2, G, I, J_2 and O chromosomes respectively. Studies have shown that phenotypic correlations between grain shape traits in soybean may stem from the correlation between QTLs that control quantitative traits.