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改良水稻雄性不育系的柱头外露率对于提高杂交水稻制种产量具有重要意义。本研究结果表明:柱头外露率属数量性状,各世代均呈连续性变异;该性状不存在细胞质遗传现象,但不育性可能对该性状有增进效应;在控制该性状的各基因效应中,以显性最为重要,其次为加性,上位性的影响较小;各组合柱头外露率的广义遗传力均较高,为0.90左右,狭义遗传力为0.50左右;柱头外露率与柱头长、粒长、柱头角及子房长呈显著的正相关,与粒宽呈显著的负相关;各花器性状对柱头外露率直接效应的大小依次为:柱头角、子房长、柱头长、粒长、粒宽;F_3系统均值与 F_2个体值之间存在着显著的相关和回归。综合该性状的各遗传参数来推断,在变异的杂种群体中选出高柱头外露率的品系是有可能的,且在较晚世代选择才能奏效。
Improving the stigma exsertion rate of male sterile lines in rice is of great significance for improving the yield of hybrid rice seed production. The results showed that: the stigma exsertion rate is a quantitative trait, and all generations showed a continuous variation; the trait does not exist cytoplasmic genetic phenomenon, but sterility may have an enhancing effect on the trait; in controlling each gene effect of the trait, The dominant heritability is most significant, followed by additive and epistatic effects. The general heritability of the stigma exsertion rate is high at about 0.90 and the heritability at the narrow sense is about 0.50. The stigma exsertion rate is related to the length and stigma length Length, stigma angle and ovary length were significantly and negatively correlated with grain width. The direct effects of each floral trait on stigma exsertion rate were as follows: stigma angle, ovary length, stigma length, grain length, There is a significant correlation and regression between the mean value of F_3 system and the individual value of F_2. Based on the genetic parameters of this trait, we conclude that it is possible to select lines with high stigma exsertion rate in the mutant population, and it will be effective in later generations.