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目的了解陕西省市售食品中防腐剂和甜味剂的使用情况,为今后食品添加剂的风险评估提供科学依据。方法采集陕西省十个地市范围的市售食品,用气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法检测苯甲酸、山梨酸、甜蜜素、糖精钠和安赛蜜。结果共抽检样品763份,其中334份样品检测防腐剂,总合格率为99.4%,合格率分别为:豆与豆制品(100%)、肉与肉制品(99.0%)、街头流动餐饮(98.7%);三类食品只检出山梨酸超标,肉与肉制品的山梨酸最大检出值是国标限量的5.7倍。429份样品检测甜味剂,总合格率为95.8%,合格率分别为:膨化食品(100%)、饮料类(95.3%)、餐饮食品(94.7%)、冷冻饮品(92.0%)、果冻布丁(88.2%);餐饮食品的甜蜜素最大检出值是国标限量的4.6倍。结论陕西省市售的8类食品中添加山梨酸和甜蜜素现象普遍,相关部门应加强执法抽查力度,加强企业自律意识,提高食品质量。
Objective To understand the use of preservatives and sweeteners in commercial foodstuffs in Shaanxi Province and provide a scientific basis for risk assessment of food additives in the future. Methods Commercial foodstuffs from 10 cities in Shaanxi Province were collected. Benzoic acid, sorbic acid, sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin and acesulfame potassium were detected by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Results A total of 763 samples were tested. Among them, 334 samples were tested for preservatives, with a total pass rate of 99.4%. The passing rates of beans and soy products (100%), meat and meat products (99.0%), %); Three types of food only detect excessive sorbic acid, meat and meat products, the maximum detectable value of sorbic acid is 5.7 times the national standard. 429 samples were tested for sweeteners with a total pass rate of 95.8%. The pass rates were: puffed food (95%), food and beverage (94.7%), frozen drink (92.0% (88.2%). The maximum detection value of sodium cyclamate in food and beverage is 4.6 times of the national standard. Conclusion The addition of sorbic acid and sodium cyclamate to 8 kinds of foodstuffs marketed in Shaanxi Province is widespread. Relevant departments should strengthen the random inspection of law enforcement, strengthen self-discipline awareness and improve food quality.