结合文献与病案,探讨了经舌骨咽切开术(THP)的发展史,适应证及方法等。指出,THP首创于1889年,初用于喉口与舌根小肿物的诊治。近年扩展到舌根、口咽及喉癌的治疗,喉功能重建及喉外伤整复。结论强调:舌骨区是条“安全带”与生理性手术径路,THP宜分为3型,舌骨应该划归喉头气管支架系统。 Combining the literature with the medical record, the development history, indications and methods of THP were discussed. It was pointed out that THP was first developed in 1889 and used for diagnosis and treatment of small laryngeal and tongue bases. In recent years, it has been extended to the treatment of tongue root, oropharynx and laryngeal cancer, reconstruction of laryngeal function and reconstruction of laryngeal trauma. The conclusions emphasize that the hyoid bone area is a “safety belt” and a physiological surgical approach. THP should be divided into three types. The hyoid bone should be classified as a laryngeal tracheal stent system.