Scanning Dammann lithography (SDL) is proposed and implemented, which uses a Dammann grating to generate multiple beams with sharp step boundary for writing large-sized gratings efficiently. One of the most attractive advantages is that this technique can
D-arginine oligomers have been widely used as intracellular delivery vectors both in in vitro and in vivo application. Nevertheless, their internalization pathway is obscure and conflicting results have been obtained concerning their intracellular distrib
We introduce a multi-step protocol for optical quantum state engineering that performs as “bright quantum scissors,” namely truncates an arbitrary input quantum state to have at least a certain number of photons. The protocol exploits single-photon pulses