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针对在“低钠焙烧水浸提取偏钒酸钠-离子交换树脂提纯-氯化铵沉钒”生产钒工艺下产生的废水的高盐度,可生化性差,使用传统的方法难以达到排放标准等特点,提出了“混凝-砂滤-活性炭过滤-微滤-反渗透”集成技术处理钒冶炼废水。考察了混凝沉淀的最佳条件,同时重点探讨了操作压力、运行时间和pH等操作参数对膜运行效果的影响。反渗透出水的COD为20.7 mg/L,Cl-为176 mg/L,电导率为387μS/cm,除盐率达到99.4%,总铬、六价铬和总钒等重金属的去除率都达到99%以上,远远低于国家规定的排放标准,该出水能回用于大部分生产工序;浓缩液也能回用于成球工艺和烟气处理工序,实现了钒冶炼废水的零排放。具有比较可观的经济价值和广阔的应用前景。
The high salinity, poor biodegradability of waste water generated in the process of “low sodium roast leaching extraction of sodium metavanadate - ion exchange resin purification - ammonium chloride precipitation vanadium”, which is difficult to achieve by conventional methods Standard and other characteristics, proposed “coagulation - sand filtration - activated carbon filter - microfiltration - reverse osmosis ” integrated technology for the treatment of vanadium smelting wastewater. The optimum conditions of coagulation and sedimentation were investigated. The effects of operating parameters such as operating pressure, operating time and pH on membrane operating efficiency were also discussed. Reverse osmosis effluent COD of 20.7 mg / L, Cl- of 176 mg / L, conductivity of 387μS / cm, desalination rate of 99.4%, total chromium, hexavalent chromium and total vanadium and other heavy metals removal rate reached 99 %, Which is far below the national discharge standards. The effluent can be recycled to most of the production processes. The concentrated liquid can also be recycled into the balling process and the flue gas treatment process to achieve zero emission of vanadium smelting wastewater. Has considerable economic value and broad application prospects.