论文部分内容阅读
卡特里娜飓风及其引发的风暴潮给路易斯安那州周围的海岸造成了灾难性的破坏.对海岸线进行连续观测有着重要意义,一方面可以用于定量评估飓风对海岸的破坏,另一方面有助于理解飓风对海岸的破坏过程.本文选取新奥尔良西侧一段约180 km的海岸线为研究区,综合使用美国陆地卫星时间序列和验潮站的水位数据得到飓风前后的海岸线变化率.提取不同时期的海岸线,然后进行速率估算和变化检测.结果表明,飓风登陆前后,海岸线位置和变化速率发生了较大的改变.卡特里娜飓风之前,研究区有39.42%的海岸线向海洋推进,60.58%的海岸线向陆地后退,海岸线平均变化速率为?2.53 m/a;而之后有26.73%的海岸线向海洋推进,73.27%的海岸线向陆地后退,海岸线平均变化速率为?3.58 m/a.卡特里娜飓风给海岸造成了很大破坏,86.57%的海岸在卡特里娜飓风中受到严重侵蚀,研究区海岸线向陆地平均移动14.91 m.计算结果表明遥感技术确实能够有效估算出飓风前后的海岸线变化.其结果可用于评估飓风对海岸的影响,为灾后重建提供基础信息,也可以用于研究飓风对海岸的破坏机理.本文显示了对地观测技术在灾害评估中发挥的巨大作用.
Hurricane Katrina and its resulting storm surge caused catastrophic damage to the coasts around Louisiana.Continuous observation of the coastline is of great importance and can be used to quantitatively assess the damage caused by hurricanes on the coast and on the other hand Which helps to understand the process of the devastation of the coast by hurricanes.In this paper, a section of about 180 km of coastline on the west side of New Orleans is selected as the study area, and the rate of change of coastline before and after the hurricane is obtained by comprehensively using the data from the US terrestrial satellite time series and tide gauge stations. The coastline and the rate of change were measured.The results show that before and after the hurricane landed, the coastline location and the rate of change have undergone major changes.Under Hurricane Katrina, the study area has 39.42% of the coastline to the ocean, 60.58% Of the coastline retreated to land with an average rate of change of 2.53 m / a on the coastline, followed by 26.73% of the coastline pushing towards the sea and 73.27% of the coastline receding to the coast with an average rate of change of 3.58 m / a. The hurricane caused considerable damage to the coast, 86.57% of the coast was severely eroded by Hurricane Katrina, and the study area coastline The average land movement is 14.91 m. The calculation results show that remote sensing technology can indeed effectively estimate the coastline changes before and after the hurricane. The results can be used to assess the impact of the hurricane on the coast and provide basic information for post-disaster reconstruction. It can also be used to study the damage caused by hurricanes on the coast Mechanisms. This paper shows the tremendous role played by Earth observation techniques in disaster assessment.