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刑事起诉是刑事诉讼中的重要环节。近来在我国的英国司法制度史研究中,关于刑事起诉方面的研究基本都是放在检察制度史的框架里论述的,其典型代表作为《英国司法制度史》和《西方检察制度史研究——历史缘起与类型化差异》。本文认为,它们以检察制度史为框架所进行的论述并不能使我们很好地理解英国刑事起诉发展史本身。为了解决这个问题,我们应该重新回到19世纪以前(以18世纪为典型)英国刑事私诉的本意,改以被害人为中心进行论述,这样方可更为清晰地了解为何先前英国刑事起诉被称之为私诉。下面我们以上述两本书的相关章节为分析对象,试对18世纪英国刑事起诉的面貌加以论述,使我们更深入了解当时英国刑事私诉的意涵。
Criminal prosecution is an important part of criminal proceedings. Recently in our country, the study of the history of the British judicial system, the basic research on criminal prosecutions are all discussed in the framework of the history of the procuratorial system. Its typical representatives as “the history of British judicial system” and “the history of Western prosecutors - Historical origin and type of difference. ” This article argues that their discourse on the framework of prosecutorial history does not give us a good understanding of the history of criminal prosecution in the United Kingdom itself. In order to solve this problem, we should return to the original purpose of the private criminal law before the 19th century (typical in the 18th century) and turn to the victim-centered discourse so as to understand more clearly why the previous British criminal prosecution was allegedly The private prosecution. Here we take the relevant chapters of the two books as the analysis object, try to discuss the face of 18th century British criminal prosecution to discuss, so that we can understand more about the meaning of British criminal private prosecution.