目的:研究龙船花全草挥发油的化学成分组成。方法:分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法和超临界CO2萃取法提取制备2组挥发油;通过GC-MS和检索所用质谱库(NIST08.L,Wiley 275.L)检索研究其化学成分组成,用面积归一化法确定各成分的相对百分含量。结果:水蒸气蒸馏法挥发油中分离出27个色谱峰,鉴定了其中12个化合物,占挥发油总量的79.57%;超临界CO2萃取法挥发油中分离出107个色谱峰,鉴定了其中73个化合物,占挥发油总量的78.37%。结论:龙船花全株含挥发油种类丰富,涵盖脂肪族及其含氧和含氮衍生物,芳香族和萜及其含氧衍生物。超临界CO2萃取法得到的化学成分数目比水蒸气蒸馏法丰富。超临界CO2萃取物化学成分种类的阐述为龙船花多种药理活性的物质基础研究提供了借鉴。 Objective: To study the chemical composition of the volatile oil from the whole plant of Longhua. Methods: Two groups of volatile oil were extracted by steam distillation and supercritical CO2 extraction respectively. The chemical constituents of the two groups were extracted by GC-MS and mass spectra library (NIST08.L, Wiley 275.L) Act to determine the relative percentage of each component. Results: 27 chromatographic peaks were isolated from the volatile oil by steam distillation, 12 compounds were identified, accounting for 79.57% of the total volatile oil; 107 peaks were separated by supercritical CO2 extraction, and 73 compounds were identified , Accounting for 78.37% of the total volatile oil. CONCLUSION: The whole plant of Longhua is rich in volatile oil, covering aliphatic and its oxygen and nitrogen-containing derivatives, aromatic and terpenes and their oxygen-containing derivatives. The number of chemical components obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction is more abundant than that by steam distillation. The elucidation of the chemical composition of supercritical CO2 extracts provides a reference for the material basic research of various pharmacological activities of the genus