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目的探讨职业人群苯接触进程中血小板参数变化。方法选取175名连续3年进行职业健康检查的苯接触者,与180名未接触苯的体检人群比较,动态观察其血小板参数变化规律。结果随着工龄增加,观察组血小板计数呈逐年下降趋势,第3年度与第1年度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),第3年度与第2年度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大血小板比率、血小板平均体积、血小板分布宽度呈逐年上升趋势,大血小板比率第3年度与第1年度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),第3年度与第2年度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血小板分布宽度第3年度与第1年度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组3年度血小板计数分别为(194.79±53.67)×109/L、(193.12±83.39)×109/L和(188.43±77.43)×109/L,均低于同期对照组水平,而血小板分布宽度、血小板平均容积、大血小板比率、血小板压积则均高于对照组水平。结论低浓度苯暴露工人血小板参数异常较明显,随着工龄的延长,血小板参数的异常率有逐年增加趋势,患慢性苯中毒的风险也增高。
Objective To investigate the changes of platelet parameters in the occupational population during benzene exposure. Methods A total of 175 benzene-exposed workers who had been in occupational health examination for 3 consecutive years were enrolled in the study. The changes of platelet parameters were dynamically observed in 180 benzene-exposed subjects without benzene exposure. Results With the increase of seniority of service, the platelet count of the observation group showed a declining trend year by year. The difference between the third year and the first year was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the difference between the third year and the second year was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Large platelet ratio, average platelet volume and platelet distribution width increased year by year. There was significant difference between the third year and the first year in the proportion of large platelet (P <0.05), the difference between the third year and the second year (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the third year of platelet distribution and the first year (P <0.05). The 3-year platelet counts of the observation group were (194.79 ± 53.67) × 109 / L, (193.12 ± 83.39) × 109 / L and (188.43 ± 77.43) × 109 / L, , Average platelet volume, large platelet ratio, and platelet pressure were higher than the control group. Conclusions The abnormal platelet parameters of workers with low benzene exposure are more obvious. With the extension of working age, the abnormal rate of platelet parameters increases year by year, and the risk of chronic benzene poisoning is also increased.