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目的分析农村地区妇科疾病的种类及患病率,有效预防常见病多发病,及时发现恶性疾病。方法对山西省阳城县北留镇3 400名在籍妇女进行妇科疾病普查,普查内容包括询问妇科病史、常规妇科检查、宫颈刮片、阴道分泌物涂片、妇科B超检查。结果患病人数1 429例,总患病率为42.03%,其中阴道炎患病率最高,为25.44%,占患病人数的60.53%;>50岁年龄组患病率为24.42%,明显低于其他各年龄组;子宫肌瘤以41~50岁年龄组患病率最高;无业者患病率明显低于其他人员,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.69,P<0.05)。结论开展妇科疾病普查,宣传生殖道健康知识,提高妇女自我保健意识,加强妇女“五期”(青春期、怀孕期、分娩期、哺乳期、更年期)劳动保护,可减少农村妇女妇科疾病的发生。
Objective To analyze the types and prevalence of gynecological diseases in rural areas, to prevent and treat frequently-occurring diseases and find out malignant diseases in time. Methods The survey of gynecological diseases in 3 400 women of Beilu Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province was carried out. The general survey included the history of gynecology, routine gynecological examination, cervical smear, vaginal smear and gynecological B-ultrasound. Results The number of patients was 1 429, with a total prevalence of 42.03%. The prevalence of vaginitis was the highest (25.44%), accounting for 60.53% of the total number of cases. The prevalence of> 50 years was 24.42% In other age groups, the prevalence of uterine fibroids in the age group of 41 to 50 years was the highest. The prevalence of non-working people was significantly lower than that of the other groups (χ2 = 10.69, P <0.05). Conclusions A general survey of gynecological diseases, awareness of reproductive tract health, awareness of women’s self-care, and strengthening of labor protection in women with stage five (adolescence, pregnancy, childbirth, lactation and menopause) can reduce the incidence of gynecological diseases among rural women occur.