食管平滑肌瘤,是原发于食管壁肌层最常见的良性肿瘤。因其临床症状轻微或无症状,不为患者和临床医师所注意。近年来,由于X线检查被广泛使用和胸部手术的发展,以及群众对肿瘤警惕性的提高,该病的发现日趋增多。1959～1978年作者所在三个医院,经外科手术治疗食管平滑肌瘤25例(其中一例恶性变为平滑肌肉瘤),现结合文献资料讨论如下。 Esophageal leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors of the esophageal muscularis. Because of its mild or no clinical symptoms, it is not noticed by patients and clinicians. In recent years, due to the extensive use of X-ray examinations and the development of thoracic surgery, as well as the increased awareness of tumors by the general public, the number of findings has increased. From 1959 to 1978, the authors of the three hospitals, surgical treatment of 25 cases of esophageal leiomyoma (one case of malignant leiomyosarcoma), are now discussed in conjunction with the literature as follows.