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本文对安徽省1985年以来在淮北地区、江淮之间和沿江江南(包括皖南山区)三大农业区域的主要土壤和作物的140个钾肥试验结果进行了分析,结果表明:全省由北向南土壤速效钾含量逐渐降低,而钾肥肥效逐渐增加。施钾肥有效率以花生、紫云英、烟草和红麻最高,其次是水稻、玉米、麦类和油菜,而棉花和大豆较低。全省土壤有效钾临界值为80mg/kg,淮北地区土壤有效钾低于120mg/kg时施钾有效。随着钾肥用量增加,作物产量出现报酬递减现象,作物施钾的增产潜力以烟草、紫云英、红麻和麦类作物较大,花生、油菜、玉米和棉花等相对较小。
In this paper, 140 potash tests of main soils and crops in three agricultural areas of Huaibei, Jianghuai and Jiangnan (including Wannan mountainous areas) since Anhui Province were conducted. The results showed that: from the north to the south, Available potassium gradually decreased, while the efficiency of potash increased gradually. Potassium fertilizer efficiency of peanut, aspartame, tobacco and kenaf highest, followed by rice, corn, wheat and rapeseed, while cotton and soybean lower. The threshold of soil available potassium in the province is 80mg / kg, while that of available soil potassium in Huaibei is less than 120mg / kg. With the increase of the amount of potash fertilizer, the crop yield diminishes. The yield potential of crop potassium application is relatively large with the crops of tobacco, milk vetch, kenaf and wheat, while the peanut, rape, corn and cotton are relatively small.