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研究了Fe-P-C-Cu-Mo系铁基粉末冶金材料中合金元素、烧结温度对合金组织及性能的影响,以及不同回火温度下磷的分布及其对合金断裂方式的影响。通过研究得出:Fe-0.60％P-0-44％C-1.0％Cu-0.50％Mo合金在1160—1240℃烧结,保温1—2小时,可以获得较好的性能;若进一步经过850—900℃淬火,200℃或600℃回火,则合金的综合机械性能可以显著提高。通过试验发现:合金在200℃回火后,固溶在基体中的铝能抑制磷向晶界偏聚,使合垒断裂时呈现为穿晶断裂;400℃回火后,由于钼以碳化物形式析出,磷主要偏聚在晶界,造成合金沿晶断裂;600℃回火后,磷主要偏聚在孔隙表面,合金断口呈韧窝状。
The effects of alloying elements and sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of Fe-P-C-Cu-Mo iron-based powder metallurgy materials and the distribution of phosphorus under different tempering temperatures and their effects on the fracture behavior were studied. The results show that Fe-0.60% P-0-44% C-1.0% Cu-0.50% Mo alloy can be sintered at 1160-1240 ℃ for 1-2 hours, 900 ℃ quenching, tempering at 200 ℃ or 600 ℃, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy can be significantly improved. It is found through experiments that after the alloy is tempered at 200 ℃, aluminum dissolved in the matrix can inhibit the segregation of phosphorus to the grain boundaries, resulting in transgranular fracture when the barrier breaks. After tempering at 400 ℃, In the form of precipitation, phosphorus mainly segregates in the grain boundary, resulting in fracture along the crystal. After tempering at 600 ℃, phosphorus mainly segregates on the pore surface, and the fracture of alloy is dimpled.