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对国外某铜矿的性质及其影响进行了测试与分析,结果表明,矿石含Cu1.78%,次生硫化铜占有率达18.54%,铜氧化率达28.09%,属硫氧混合型铜矿,回收时应注意防止次生硫化铜的危害,并注重活化与强化捕收研究;黄铁矿含量较高,如何避免黄铁矿被同步捕收、实现铜硫分离,将是综合回收的一个重要难题,这也要求在强化捕收的同时,还应注重捕收剂选择性的提高;矿石中含有较多的易泥化脉石矿物,应注意磨矿过程的合理调控,同时加强矿泥分散;伴生金银主要以粒间和包裹形式存在,且与铜矿物关系密切,有利于在选铜中富集回收,综合回收时应考虑其特殊性,注重强化捕收研究。针对矿石的性质特点,提出了Na_2S屏蔽和消除次生Cu~(2+)、合理调控磨矿细度、联合分散与协同活化、低碱度无石灰浮选、酯类捕收剂混合使用的方案,并考察了方案中各因素的影响,结果表明:磨矿细度调控为-74μm占80%较为合理;Na_2S用量1500 g·t~(-1)、(NH4)2SO4与Na_2S用量之比1∶1时效果最好;酯-205用量100 g·t~(-1),乙氧基羰基硫逐氨基甲酸酯(ECTC)与酯-205按1∶2混合为佳。最终,在最佳条件下,采用“一粗-二精-一扫”硫氧混选工艺,可很好地实现矿石中铜及伴生金银的综合回收。
The properties and impact of a copper mine abroad were tested and analyzed. The results show that the ore contains Cu1.78%, the secondary copper sulfide occupies 18.54% and the copper oxidation rate reaches 28.09% , Recovery should pay attention to prevent the harm of secondary copper sulfide, and focus on activation and enhanced capture studies; pyrite content is high, how to avoid the simultaneous capture of pyrite, copper and sulfur separation will be a comprehensive recovery Important requirements, which also requires enhanced harvesting at the same time, should pay attention to the selectivity of collectors; ores contain more easily muddy gangue minerals, should pay attention to the grinding process of a reasonable regulation, while strengthening the sludge Scattered; associated gold and silver mainly in the form of intergranular and parcels, and closely related with the copper minerals, is conducive to copper enrichment recovery, comprehensive recovery should take into account its particularity, focusing on enhanced capture studies. In view of the characteristics of the ore, this paper proposed the screening and elimination of secondary Cu2 + with Na_2S, the reasonable regulation of the fineness of grinding, the combined dispersion and synergistic activation, the low alkalinity non-lime flotation and the combination of ester collectors The results show that it is reasonable to adjust the grinding fineness to -74μm to 80%, the ratio of the dosage of Na_2S to 1500 g · t -1, the ratio of (NH 4) 2 SO 4 to Na 2 S 1: 1, the best effect was obtained. When the amount of ester-205 was 100 g · t -1, the ratio of ECTC to ester-205 was 1: 2. In the end, under the best conditions, the “one crude - two fine - one sweep” sulfur and oxygen mixing process can well realize the comprehensive recovery of copper and associated gold and silver in the ore.