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长期以来,语文教育学术界呈百家争鸣的状态,而其中历经时间最长、争论最多的也就是对语文教育功能的探讨了。什么原因呢?因为语文教学是我们的母语教育,这就决定了其有着独特的功能和价值,且这种功能和价值具有多层的复合性。学术界对此的争论主要就是在语文教学中人文性和工具性孰轻孰重的问题。这种争论由来已久,上至古代有“文”与“道”之争,下至现代有“功利本位”与“人文本位”之争,其实后人之争,也就是历史上文道之争的延续。“功利本位”与“人文本位”的概念是四川省教育学会研究员纪大海先生根据论争者的意见提出的,其实也就是到底重工具性还是重人文性。纪先生认为,不论是功利本位论还是人文本位论,论者们都从各自审视问题的角度出发来认识语文教育的功能,各有其理,自成体系。但他们都有一个共同的不足之处,就是他们都属于单功能论者,尽管他们都承认语文教育的多种功能,但他们往往又要在这种功能中起一个核心或基本功能。纪先生的观念是,语文教育绝不是单功能,而是复合功能,也就是工具性与人文性的有机整合。笔者颇认同纪先生的观点,下面笔者将从语文教学中的一、环——作文教学来阐述自己的观点。据笔者的观察、了解和分析,现代中学生作文主要存在着以下几个问题。
For a long time, there have been a hundred schools of thought in the academic circles of Chinese education, and the most controversial one is the discussion of the function of Chinese education. What is the reason? Because Chinese teaching is our native language education, which determines its unique function and value, and this function and value of multi-layered composite. The controversy in academia mainly lies in the question of whether humanistic or instrumentalism should be emphasized in the teaching of Chinese. This controversy has been in existence for a long time. From ancient times, there was a dispute over “text ” and “Dao ”, from the modern to the “utilitarian standard ” and “humanistic position , That is, the continuation of the controversy over history and culture. The concept of ”utilitarian standard“ and ”humanistic position" is proposed by Ji Dahai, a researcher at Sichuan Education Society, according to the arguments of the contestants. In fact, this is exactly whether it is instrumental or humanistic. According to Mr. Ji, regardless of utilitarianism or humanistic theory of position, theorists all recognize the function of Chinese education from their point of view of their problems, each with its own rationale and its own system. However, they all share a common deficiency. They all belong to monofunctionalists. Although they all recognize the multiple functions of Chinese education, they often have to play a central or basic role in such functions as well. Mr. Ji’s concept is that language education is by no means a single function, but a composite function, that is, the organic integration of instrumental and humanistic. I quite agree with Mr. Ji’s point of view, the following author will be from the teaching of Chinese, Central - Composition teaching to elaborate their own point of view. According to the author’s observation, understanding and analysis, there are several problems in the composition of modern middle school students.