从文明的角度看待欧洲 ,自近代以来即已有之 ,但时代不同 ,常看常新。《欧洲文明扩张史》(陈乐民、周弘著 ,东方出版中心 1999年版 ,以下简称《扩张史》)以 5世纪至 19世纪欧洲文明的起源、发展、扩张为纵向 ,以欧洲文明的内涵为横向的历史坐标 ,用中国学者的眼光描绘出欧洲文 From a civilized point of view of Europe, which has existed since the modern era, but different times, often new. The History of European Civilization Expansion (by Chen Lemin, Zhou Hong, Oriental Publishing House, 1999 edition, hereinafter referred to as “Expansion History”) takes the origin, development and expansion of European civilization from the 5th to the 19th centuries as its longitudinal direction and the connotation of European civilization as the horizontal direction Historical coordinates, with the eyes of Chinese scholars depicting the European language