民国时期,中国民族资产阶级一直是处于压抑的状态,他们与政府的关系,呈现出矛盾与依赖的双重性,但在不同的时期又各有其特点。1927年南京国民政府成立以后,由于四大家族官僚资本的垄断局面逐步形成,并进而垄断了整个国民经济,已成为国民党政权的经济基础,民族资本只能在其夹缝中艰难地生活,无论从其政治或经济力量来说,已不足以凭自身的力量相抗衡,只能在忍气吞声之下委曲求生。 然而,在北洋政府统治时期,民族资产阶级却另有一番景象,虽然尚未能脱却统治集团的束缚以及对其依赖心理。但是,由于政局的不稳,统治力量的薄弱以及北洋官僚资本未能形成垄断局面,民族资产阶级尚处于一个发展时期,因此,这一阶段,他们与政府的关系,呈现出一种力求摆脱束缚的倾象性。综观中国银行与北洋政府的关系发展过程,正反映了中国民族资产阶级的这一段历程。 北洋时期中国银行的发展过程,大体经历了这样三个阶段: 一、初创时期(1912—1916) 辛亥革命爆发不久,成立中国银行即开始在酝酿之中。1912年元月,原大清银行商股联合会即具呈南京临时大总统孙中山,要求将大清银行改设成国家银行,本旨在使一方面不费手续成一完全巩固之中央银行,一方面对于商本不使略有损失,藉以维持信用与将来。” During the period of the Republic of China, the Chinese national bourgeoisie was always in a state of depression. Their relations with the government showed the dual nature of contradiction and dependence, but they also had their own characteristics in different periods. After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government in 1927, due to the monopoly of the capital of the four big family bureaucracies and the monopoly over the entire national economy, the Nanking National Government has become the economic basis of the Kuomintang government. National capital can only live a difficult life in its confluence. For its political or economic power, it is not enough to contend with its own strength, and it can only make its living under humility. However, during the reign of the Beiyang government, the national bourgeoisie was still somewhat different in sight, though it has not yet been able to remove the shackles of the ruling clique and its reliance on psychology. However, the national bourgeoisie is still in a developmental stage due to political instability, the weak governing power and the failure of the Northern bureaucratic capital to form a monopoly situation. Therefore, at this stage, their relations with the government have shown that they are trying to get out of their bondage Possession of the A comprehensive review of the development of the relations between Bank of China and the Beiyang Government reflects precisely this period of history of the Chinese national bourgeoisie. During the Beiyang period, Bank of China’s development process generally experienced such three stages: First, the start-up period (1912-1916) The Revolution of 1911 Shortly after the establishment of the Bank of China began to be brewing. In January 1912, the original Bank of Qing Dynasty Federation of Securities Dealers, Nanjing Provisional President Sun Yat-sen, demanded that Daqing Bank be changed into a national bank. The aim was to make it a fully consolidated central bank without any formality on the one hand For the business will not make a slight loss in order to maintain credit and the future. "