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多齿配体能够形成比相似的单齿配体更为稳定的金属配合物,是久已为化学家所认识的实验事实。例如,早在本世纪初就有人发现,当向醋酸钢的稀水溶液加入氨基乙酸时,溶液的电导率明显下降,表明溶液中形成了更稳定的氨基乙酸铜螫合物;镍的氨合物水溶液经稀释即可水解,发生沉淀,而相似的乙二胺配合物溶液,则虽经高度稀释亦不发生水解;碱金属和碱土金属通常与单齿配体不形成配合物或只形成很不稳定的配合物,但它们却能与某些多齿配体形成很稳定的螫合物;……。瑞士化学家G.Schwarzenbach将这类特殊的稳定效应命名为螫合效应(Chetate effect)。
Multidentate ligands can form metal complexes that are more stable than similar monodentate ligands and have long been known to chemists as experimental facts. For example, as early as the beginning of this century, it was found that when glycine was added to a dilute aqueous solution of acetic acid steel, the conductivity of the solution dropped significantly, indicating that a more stable copper acetylacetonate was formed in the solution; the ammoniacal nickel The aqueous solution is hydrolyzed and precipitated upon dilution, whereas similar solutions of ethylenediamine complex are highly hydrolyzed and do not hydrolyze; alkali metal and alkaline earth metals usually form no complex with the monodentate ligand or form only very little Stable complexes, but they can form very stable complexes with certain multidentate ligands. Swiss chemist G. Schwarzenbach named this particular stabilizing effect the Chetate effect.