本文对30例小儿原发性扩张型心肌病进行了临床随访分析,认为有如下几点值得重视:(1)本病误诊率很高,达96.7%;(2)它与病毒性心肌炎的关系有待进一步探讨,对病毒性心肌炎患儿应进行定期随访;(3)此病易并发心内附壁血栓,且常因血栓脱落而猝死;(4)随访15年,3年内病死率高达70%,尤其是头半年内;(5)采用长期小剂量地戈辛、强的松治疗能降低病死率,改进预后. This article 30 cases of pediatric primary dilated cardiomyopathy clinical follow-up analysis, the following points deserve attention: (1) the misdiagnosis rate of this disease is very high, up to 96.7%; (2) its relationship with viral myocarditis To be further explored, children with viral myocarditis should be followed up on a regular basis; (3) this disease is complicated by intracardiac thrombosis, and often sudden death due to thrombus shedding; (4) 15 years follow-up, 3 years mortality rate as high as 70% , Especially in the first half of the year; (5) The use of low-dose longosin, prednisone treatment can reduce mortality and improve prognosis.