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备用是辅助服务的主要组成部分 ,关系到电力系统的安全运行和可靠性 ,是电力市场重要的特征之一。文中在总结该领域主要研究内容的基础上 ,讨论了备用的各种分类方法、备用在电力市场中分类的趋势以及备用与可靠性的关系 ,并进一步介绍了与备用密切相关的可靠性指标的计算方法 ;备用的成本效益分析 ,包括成本效益计算思路和相关参数的获取 ;备用市场的运营、市场力的评估等当前研究相对深入的问题 ,并对一种特殊备用——可中断负荷 ,从可中断的容量、价格、时机等方面进行了综述。最后 ,提出该领域中急需研究的问题。
Standby is the main component of ancillary services and relates to the safe operation and reliability of the power system. It is one of the important characteristics of the power market. Based on summarizing the main research contents of this field, the paper discusses the various classification methods for backup, the trend of standby classification in the electricity market, and the relationship between standby and reliability, and further introduces the reliability indicators that are closely related to backup. Computational methods; alternative cost-benefit analysis, including cost-effectiveness calculations and related parameter acquisition; standby market operations, market force assessments, and other current research in-depth issues, and a special standby - interruptible load, from Interruptible capacity, price, timing and other aspects were reviewed. Finally, the urgent need for research in this area is raised.