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对150例12～43周胎儿膝关节半月板及胫骨髁形态进行观察与测量,发现内、外侧半月板均为新月形.胫骨内髁平坦,形态与成人相同,中央轻度凹陷(0.01～0.03mm).外髁呈拱顶形,形态与内髁及成人胫骨外髁有明显不同.弧度为13°14’±4°12’～20°23’±2°08’.推测儿童膝关节在负重后及股胫角发育过程中,引起胫骨外髁形态塑形性改变,外侧半月板按外侧间室间隙局部解剖形态适应性生长,这种形态改变和适应性生长可能是外侧半月板各型盘状形态发生的因素.
The observation of meniscus and tibial condyle shape in 150 fetuses from 12 to 43 weeks revealed that the medial and lateral meniscus were all crescent shape.The internal condyle of the tibia was flat with the same shape as the adult with mild central depression (0.01 ~ 0.03mm) .The outer condyle was dome-shaped, the shape and the medial condyle and adult tibial condyles were significantly different.The curvature of 13 ° 14 ’± 4 ° 12’ ~ 20 ° 23 ’± 2 ° 08’ .Conclusion Children’s knee After weight-bearing and tibiofemoral development, the shape of the lateral condyle of the tibia is caused to change shape and the lateral meniscus grows adaptively according to the local anatomy of the lateral intercostal space. This morphological change and adaptive growth may be the result of the lateral meniscus Type disc shape of the factors.