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比较了外来植物黄顶菊不同入侵程度土壤养分和土壤酶活性变化规律,探讨了外来植物入侵对土壤生态的影响机制。结果表明,与裸土和本地植物土壤相比,黄顶菊入侵显著提高了有机质、全氮、硝态氮和铵态氮的含量,而全磷和速效磷的含量有所下降,且随着入侵程度增强趋势更为明显。重度入侵土壤有机质较本地植物土壤提高5.7%,全氮提高23.4%;而重度入侵土壤全磷含量只有本地植物的85%,土壤速效磷含量则下降了50%。黄顶菊重度入侵土壤和轻度入侵土壤脲酶含量分别为0.04和0.03mg.g-1.24h-1,均显著高于裸土和本地植物土壤,土壤磷酸酶活性变化规律与之类似,而多酚氧化酶无明显的变化。黄顶菊入侵可以改变土壤养分和土壤酶活性,创造对自身生长有利的土壤环境,并借此增强其竞争能力,实现种群的进一步扩张。
The changes of soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities at different invasiveness levels of flaveria bidentis were compared, and the mechanism of alien plant invasion on soil ecology was discussed. The results showed that the invasion of flaveria bidentis significantly increased the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, while the content of total phosphorus and available phosphorus decreased compared with bare soil and native plant soil. With the degree of invasion The trend of enhancement is more obvious. The soil organic matter in severe invaded soil increased by 5.7% and the total nitrogen increased by 23.4% compared with that of native plants. However, the total phosphorus content of heavily invaded soil was only 85% of that of native plants and that of soil available phosphorus decreased by 50%. The contents of soil urease and urease in soil were significantly higher than those in bare soil and native plant soil, respectively (0.04 and 0.03mg.g-1.24h-1, respectively), while the activity of phosphatase in soil was similar No significant change in enzyme. The invasion of flaveria bidentis can change soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity, create a favorable soil environment for its own growth, and thus enhance its competitiveness and achieve further expansion of the population.