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目的分析昆山市近10年急性职业性化学中毒事故的发生规律和特点,为探索防控措施提供依据。方法收集急性职业性化学中毒事故的调查资料,对事故发生的规模、行业、毒物、原因等要素进行统计分析。结果共发生39起急性职业性化学中毒事故,中毒389人,死亡8人;近50名的中毒事件发生在电子行业,而中毒致死者主要为建筑施工行业;从毒物种类看,有机溶剂引起的中毒起数和中毒人数均占绝大多数,而大多数的中毒死亡主要是窒息性气体中毒引发;缺乏安全意识和缺乏防护设备是引起中毒的主要原因。结论该市急性职业性化学中毒事件频发,危害严重,应加强多项防控措施,保障员工健康安全。
Objective To analyze the occurrence and characteristics of acute occupational chemical poisoning accidents in Kunshan City in recent 10 years, and to provide basis for exploring prevention and control measures. Methods Collecting the investigation data of acute occupational chemical poisoning accidents, making a statistical analysis on the factors such as the scale of the accident, industry, poison, reason and so on. Results A total of 39 cases of acute occupational chemical poisoning occurred, 389 were poisoned and 8 were killed. Nearly 50 poisoning incidents occurred in the electronics industry, while the main cause of poisoning was in the construction industry. In toxic species, organic solvents Most cases of poisoning and poisoning accounted for the vast majority, while most of the deaths caused by poisoning were mainly caused by asphyxiation gas poisoning. Lack of safety awareness and lack of protective equipment were the major causes of poisoning. Conclusion Acute occupational chemical poisoning incidents in the city are frequent and harmful. A number of prevention and control measures should be strengthened to ensure employees’ health and safety.