本文系统阐述了设计型水泥基复合材料(Engineered Cementitious Composite,ECC)的由来、理论研究进程。详尽介绍了ECC在单轴直拉作用下优异的应变硬化性能,在弯曲作用下的较高应变性能、较高断裂性能,以及较高抗剪性能。同时,也介绍了ECC在盐冻环境下的低剥蚀能力,在碱环境下的微裂纹自愈合能力与抗干缩开裂能力。最后简要介绍了ECC在工程中的应用情况。根据ECC国内外现有研究状况,提出了今后应开展的研究内容。本文为第1部分,介绍前言与理论研究。 This article systematically elaborates the origin and theoretical research progress of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC). The excellent properties of ECC under uniaxial Czochralslam (DCT), high strain behavior under high bending, high fracture behavior and high shear resistance are introduced in detail. At the same time, ECC also introduced the low ablation ability in salt frost environment, the microcrack self-healing ability and anti-shrinkage cracking ability in alkali environment. Finally, the application of ECC in engineering is briefly introduced. According to the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper put forward the research content that should be carried out in the future. This article is Part 1, introducing Preface and Theoretical Studies.