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跌倒是造成世界上意外伤害死亡的第二大原因,如何预防跌倒已成为保障老人生命的关键。目前常见“跌倒报警器”的传感模块一般采用单一的三轴加速度计,测量精度受限,仅能实现人体跌倒后的报警功能而不能实现跌倒前的预警。文章设计并实现了一种基于MEMS惯性传感单元的防跌倒预警器,率先设计了含“三轴加速度计+三轴陀螺仪+三轴磁力计”的高精度多模态传感模块,内嵌跌倒预警算法,并通过蜂鸣器和振动器警示。对九名健康年轻实验对象进行了总计81次的跌倒实验,系统结合基于阈值的跌倒预警算法,结果表明,其检测灵敏度可达98.61%且特异度为98.61%,平均预警时间为300 ms。未来研究将嵌入全球移动通信系统(Global System For Mobile,GSM)、全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)等电路模块功能及配备穿戴式安全气囊,有望在易跌人群中实现实时防护和及时救治。
Fall is the second leading cause of accidental injury in the world. How to prevent falls has become the key to protecting the life of the elderly. At present, common “fall alarm” sensing module generally uses a single three-axis accelerometer, the measurement accuracy is limited, only to achieve the alarm function after the fall of the human body can not be achieved before the fall warning. The article designs and realizes a kind of anti-fall alarm based on MEMS inertial sensing unit, and designs the high-precision multi-modal sensing module with “three-axis accelerometer + three-axis gyro + three-axis magnetometer” , Embedded fall warning algorithm, and through buzzer and vibrator warning. A total of 81 fall experiments were performed on nine healthy young subjects. The system was combined with a threshold-based fall warning algorithm. The results showed that the detection sensitivity was 98.61% and the specificity was 98.61%. The average pre-warning time was 300 ms. Future research will embed circuit modules such as Global System For Mobile (GSM) and Global Positioning System (GPS) and equip with wearable airbags, which are expected to achieve real-time protection and timely treatment in vulnerable populations .