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【目的】分析经过早期干预的先天性甲状腺功能减低症(congenital hypothyroidism,CH)患儿在学龄前期的气质特征及其影响因素,为改善这些患儿的气质发育提供依据。【方法】选取永久性CH的患儿(简称病例组)47名,确诊后立即给予甲状腺激素替代治疗。随机选取正常同龄儿童58名作为对照组(简称对照组)。对所有入选研究对象进行自制的一般情况调查问卷和3~7岁儿童气质量表调查。【结果】1)两组儿童的家庭背景差异无统计学意义;2)两组儿童年龄、年龄构成和性别构成差异无统计学意义;3)两组儿童在情绪本质、坚持度、注意分散度三个维度的比较上差异有统计学意义。病例组儿童麻烦型或中间近麻烦型气质类型比正常对照组多,差异有统计学意义;4)目前的甲状腺功能、家庭环境、父母的一般情况和家庭教育等影响CH患儿的气质类型和发育。【结论】尽管得到早期诊断和干预,但CH患儿在学龄前期,气质类型仍以中间偏麻烦型的居多;患儿气质受社会环境、生活以及家庭的影响,及时调整和解决其成长中出现的问题,是保证患儿心理行为健康发展的关键。
【Objective】 To analyze the prequel temperament and its influencing factors in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) after early intervention and provide the basis for improving their temperament development. 【Method】 Forty-seven children with permanent CH (referred to as case group) were given thyroid hormone replacement therapy immediately after diagnosis. 58 normal children of the same age were randomly selected as the control group (referred to as the control group). All selected subjects were asked to make a general survey of children and 3-7-year-old children’s temperament scale survey. [Results] 1) There was no significant difference in family background between the two groups of children; 2) There was no significant difference in age, age composition and sex composition between the two groups of children; 3) There was no significant difference in the emotional backgrounds, The three dimensions of the difference was statistically significant. The type of temperament of the children in the case group was similar to that in the normal control group, and the difference was statistically significant. 4) The current temperament types, and the current situation of thyroid function, family environment, parents’ general situation and family education, development. 【Conclusions】 Despite the early diagnosis and intervention, children with CH in pre-school age still have the most temperament types in the middle. The temperament of children with CH affects the social environment, life and family, adjusts and resolves their growth in time The problem is to ensure the healthy development of children’s psychological behavior of the key.