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词汇的借用一方面要尽可能与源词相似,另一方面也要满足一系列制约条件使其像一个借入语词汇。因而,借用时借入者常常要权衡哪些信息一定要囊括在词汇项中,哪些信息则是可以抛掉的。本文考察汉语借词音系学中那些“可抛掉”的信息,即删音策略的使用。包括:什么时候删音,为什么要删音,删的是哪些音,所删的音是否有特定的优选层级,音系条件的不同是否会影响不同修补策略的使用,等等。删音同增音一样是汉语外来词借用过程中常用的修补策略,删音在汉语借词音系学的广泛使用,说明策略的使用根据语言的不同而不同,是一种个性特征。
On the one hand, the borrowing of words should be as similar as possible to the source words on the one hand, and on the other hand, a series of constraints must be satisfied to make them like a borrowed words. Therefore, when borrowing borrowers often weigh what information must be included in the vocabulary items, which information can be thrown away. This article examines the information in Chinese lexemic phonology, “throw away” information, that is, the use of deletion strategies. Including: when to delete sound, why to delete sound, delete what sound, delete the sound whether there is a specific preferred level, different sound system conditions will affect the use of different patching strategies, and so on. Phonetic deletion is a commonly used patching strategy in borrowing Chinese Loanwords. Phonetic deletion is widely used in Chinese phonology and phonology. It shows that the use of phonology varies from one language to another, which is a kind of personality characteristic.