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正常喉咽壁肌肉的协调收缩使食物通过咽食管的括约肌进入食管。某些神经系疾病可伴随喉咽轻瘫,导致吞咽困难。系因喉咽部运动紊乱。治疗重点应针对咽食管的括约肌。从50年代起,咽食管括约肌即环咽肌的粘膜外切开术已被许多学者提倡和应用。至咽食管括约肌最好的进路是沿胸锁乳突肌前缘的颈侧切口。一旦环咽肌已剥离,可用器械从括约肌内部暴露肌肉纤维。如用硬质探子或套管扩张该括约肌,或用远端带有光源的食管镜透照肌肉纤
The normal constriction of the hypopharyngeal wall muscles causes the food to enter the esophagus through the sphincter of the pharyngeal esophagus. Some neurological diseases may be accompanied by hypopharyngeal hypopnea, resulting in dysphagia. Department of hypopharyngeal motility disorders. Treatment should focus on pharyngeal esophageal sphincter. From the 1950s onwards, pharyngeal esophageal sphincter, that is, the epidural muscle mucosal excision has been advocated and applied by many scholars. The best route to the pharyngeal esophageal sphincter is the neck-side incision along the anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Once the cricopharyngeal muscle has been stripped, the muscle fibers can be exposed from inside the sphincter using an instrument. Such as dilating the sphincter with a hard probe or cannula, or using a distal esophageal mirror with a light source to see through the muscle fibers