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目的了解天津市和平区2010-2014年居民心脑血管病发病和死亡状况及变化趋势,为心脑血管疾病防治提供决策依据。方法应用天津市非传染病发病监测系统及天津市全死因监测管理系统数据库的资料,将2010-2014年心脑血管疾病发生和死亡状况进行对比来反映该地区疾病的流行趋势。结果 5年间,天津市和平区心脑血管疾病新发病例总共10 974例,发病率为545.27/10万,死亡的总人数为7 919例,死亡率为393.48/10万,男性发病率和死亡率均高于女性(P<0.05);发病和死亡率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,70~80岁发病率达2 392.13/10万,而80~岁死亡率达4 071.68/10万;与2010年相比,2014年发病率升高(χ2=8.55,P<0.05),死亡率下降(χ2=29.91,P<0.05)。结论应加强心脑血管疾病的监测和管理,重点放在老年人群心脑血管疾病的健康教育上,减少疾病的发生和死亡。
Objective To understand the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Heping District of Tianjin City from 2010 to 2014 and to provide the basis for decision-making on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods Based on the data of Tianjin non-communicable disease incidence monitoring system and Tianjin All-cause Monitoring and Management System database, the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in 2010-2014 were compared to reflect the epidemic trend of the disease in this area. Results A total of 10 974 new cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were reported in Heping District in Tianjin during the 5 years. The incidence rate was 545.27 / 100 000. The total number of deaths was 7 919 and the death rate was 393.48 / 100 000. The morbidity and mortality of males (P <0.05). The morbidity and mortality rate increased with the increase of age, the incidence rate reached 2 392.13 / 100 000 at the age of 70-80 years and 4071.68 / 100 000 at the age of 80 years. Compared with 2010, the morbidity increased in 2014 (χ2 = 8.55, P <0.05) and mortality decreased (χ2 = 29.91, P <0.05). Conclusion The monitoring and management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be strengthened, with emphasis on the health education of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly to reduce the occurrence and death of diseases.