目的了解通辽市大学生饮食习惯、膳食结构和体质状况,为改进学校膳食管理和培养学生良好的饮食习惯提供依据。方法随机抽取内蒙古民族大学和通辽职业学院2006级大学生113名,采用问卷调查、24h膳食回顾和体质量指数计算相结合的方法进行膳食状况调查和身高、体重测量。结果通辽市男、女大学生不常吃早餐的比例分别为18.4%和17.2%,50.0%以上的学生坚持常喝牛奶,女生常常晚餐节食的比例高达46.9%。男、女大学生谷类、畜禽肉类摄入量均明显高于建议量,摄入量与建议量的比值男生分别为157.1%和118.7%,女生分别为116.7%和122.0%;水产品、水果、蛋类、蔬菜、豆类及豆制品摄入量均低于建议量,其中男、女生水产品摄入量仅为建议量的16.0%和14.7%。男、女生平均体质量指数均在正常范围之内,但超重或肥胖以及消瘦或营养不良均占有一定的比例,且后者比例高于前者。结论男、女大学生的膳食结构、膳食习惯和体质状况均存在一定的问题,需要学校有关部门和学生共同采取措施予以解决。 Objective To understand the eating habits, dietary structure and constitutional status of undergraduates in Tongliao City, and to provide the basis for improving school diet management and cultivating good eating habits of students. Methods A total of 113 university students from Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities and Tongliao Vocational College were enrolled in this study. Meal status survey and height and weight measurement were conducted by means of questionnaire survey, 24-hour diet review and body mass index calculation. Results The percentage of boys and girls who did not eat breakfast in Tongliao City was 18.4% and 17.2%, respectively. 50.0% of students insisted on drinking milk regularly, and girls often drank 46.9% of their meals for dinner. The intake of cereals, livestock and poultry meat of men and women college students were significantly higher than the recommended ones. The ratio of intake and recommended boys was 157.1% and 118.7% respectively, while girls were 116.7% and 122.0% respectively. Aquatic products and fruits The intake of eggs, vegetables, beans and soy products were all lower than the recommended levels. The intake of aquatic products for boys and girls was only 16.0% and 14.7% of the recommended ones. The average body mass index of males and females were within the normal range, but overweight or obesity and weight loss or malnutrition accounted for a certain proportion, and the latter ratio was higher than the former. Conclusions There are some problems in the dietary structure, dietary habits and physical condition of male and female college students, which require relevant departments of the school and students to jointly take measures to solve them.