20世纪80年代,四川广汉三星堆遗址的发掘曾在世界引起轰动。大量精美的出土器物,工艺之精湛,造型之独特引起了世人的广泛关注。学术界对其进行了大量的研究,并取得了丰硕的成果。三星堆青铜面具作为其重要组成部分,也吸引了许多学者的目光。但是以往的研究往往从考古学含义和中国传统文化的观念出发,有一定的局限性。尝试运用原始宗教理论分析三星堆面具包含的不同宗教因素,进而指出,以鸟崇拜为特征的自然崇拜在该文化中居于绝对支配地位,兼具自然神与祖先神双重神性的天神崇拜也有一定的萌芽。但是由于自然崇拜的因素过于浓厚,导致三星堆文化社会结构僵化,发展停滞,最终在与同时期其他文明的竞争中被淘汰。 In the 1980s, the excavation of the Sanxingdui site in Guanghan in Sichuan Province caused a sensation in the world. A large number of exquisite artifacts unearthed, superb technology, the unique shape of the world has aroused widespread concern. The academic community conducted a great deal of research and achieved fruitful results. Sanxingdui bronze mask as an important part of it, but also attracted the attention of many scholars. However, previous studies often have some limitations because of their archaeological implications and Chinese traditional culture. Try to use the original religious theory to analyze the different religious factors contained in the Sanxingdui masks, and then point out that natural worship characterized by bird worship is absolutely dominating in the culture. There is also a certain degree of worship of the gods, which have the dual deities of nature and ancestry bud. However, due to the factors of natural worship being too strong, the structure of Sanxingdui culture and society has become rigid and stagnant, eventually being eliminated in competition with other civilizations of the same period.