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目的:分析医院抗感染药物用药频度及其对致病菌耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法:抽取2014年—2016年间医院呼吸内科患者中分离病原菌的耐药率与用药频度资料,分析抗感染药物用药频度及其对致病菌耐药性。结果:抗菌药物用药频度较高的药物为头孢噻肟、左氧氟沙星、克拉霉素、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦及制霉菌素;2014年—2016年间呼吸内科患者治疗用主要抗菌药物用药频度中,头孢噻肟、左氧氟沙星、制霉菌素的使用药频度呈逐年增长的趋势;而克拉霉素于2014年—2015年两年度使用频度经组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2016年克拉霉素使用频度明显低于2014年—2015年使用频度(P<0.05);哌拉西林-他唑巴坦在2014年与2016年的使用频度经组间比较其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2015年的使用频度明显高于2014年与2016年使用频度(P<0.05);阴沟肠杆菌对左氧氟沙星的耐药率与用药频度间存在高度相关性(r=0.98,P<0.05);金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢噻肟的耐药率与用药频度间也存在高度相关性(r=0.98,P<0.05);其他细菌的耐药率与用药频度间经组间比较其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:左氧氟沙、头孢噻肟等抗感染药物的用药频度与耐药率之间存在高度的相关性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。
Objective: To analyze the frequency of hospital anti-infective drugs and their resistance to pathogens, and to provide a reference for the rational use of anti-bacterial drugs in clinic. Methods: The drug resistance rates and frequency of drug-taking of pathogenic bacteria isolated from respiratory patients in hospital from 2014 to 2016 were collected to analyze the frequency of anti-infective drugs and their drug resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Results: The most frequently used antimicrobial drugs were cefotaxime, levofloxacin, clarithromycin, piperacillin-tazobactam and nystatin. The frequency of antimicrobial medication for respiratory patients in 2014-2016 The frequency of use of cefotaxime, levofloxacin and nystatin increased year by year. However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of use of clarithromycin between the two groups in 2014-2015 (P> 0.05). The frequency of clarithromycin use in 2016 was significantly lower than that in 2014-2015 (P <0.05). The frequency of use of piperacillin-tazobactam in 2014 and 2016 was compared between groups The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The frequency of use in 2015 was significantly higher than that in 2014 and 2016 (P <0.05). There was a relationship between the drug resistance rate of Levofloxacin (R = 0.98, P <0.05). There was also a high correlation between drug resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus and cefotaxime (r = 0.98, P <0.05); the resistance of other bacteria There was no significant difference between rates and medication frequency among the groups (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a high correlation between the frequency of anti-infectives such as levofloxacin and cefotaxime and the drug resistance rate, providing a reference for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.