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马克思文化批判包括宗教批判、法哲学批判、政治经济学批判、意识形态批判、和历史批判等五种形态。这五种形态在各具相对独立性的同时,它们之间也不是无序的碎片化的堆积杂陈,而是依据马克思本人生活阅历的次序和马克思所处时代的资本主义的发展、工人运动的形势与社会思潮的消长次第展开的。其批判的总体路线,首先是沿着“现实实践”这条横轴由宗教、法哲学、政治经济学到意识形态依层次逐步深化的,其次是沿着“历史史实”这条纵轴由远及近依时序逐渐展开的。而无论是横轴上的批判还是纵轴上的考察,其围绕的中心议题仍不外乎资本主义制度过渡性的论证和无产阶级主导下的人类彻底解放问题。这一整体性的批判活动不仅证明了每一种文化批判形态都有其特定的历史性和具体的实践性,而且也证明了这五种形态的文化批判是一个由表及里、由浅入深的有机统一的“自然”过程。
The Marxist cultural critique includes five forms: religious criticism, legal philosophy critique, political economy critique, ideological criticism, and historical criticism. The five forms are relatively independent of each other at the same time, nor are they disorderly fragmented accumulation of miscellaneous, but according to the order of Marx’s own life experience and the development of Marxism in the capitalist era, the workers’ movement The situation and the rise and fall of social trends started second. The general line of criticism begins with the gradual deepening of hierarchy along the horizontal axis of “practical practice ” from religion, legal philosophy and political economy to ideology, followed by the “historical facts” Longitudinal axis from far and near by the order of gradually expanded. Regardless of the criticism on the horizontal axis or the vertical axis, the central issue that surrounds it is no more than the transitional demonstration of the capitalist system and the issue of the total emancipation of mankind under the leadership of the proletariat. This holistic criticism not only proves that each of the forms of cultural criticism has its own specific historicity and specific practicality, but also proves that the five forms of cultural criticism are a form of “ The organic unity of the ”natural" process.