自然界存在大量霉菌,迄今已鉴定的有5万种以上。大部分存在于土壤、空气、植物和动物中。大多数霉菌对人类有益。但极少数霉菌可以致病,这些霉菌可分两大类:(1)原发病原菌,如荚膜组织胞浆菌、球孢子菌、巴西芽生菌、皮肤芽生菌与申克氏孢子丝菌;(2)所谓机会霉菌感染,如各类念珠菌、新生隐球菌、曲霉菌与毛霉菌。深部霉菌病常是继发性感染,常发生于体内平衡失调和各种原因引起的免疫功能低下的患者。近年来 There are a lot of mold in nature, so far identified more than 50,000. Mostly in soil, air, plants and animals. Most molds are good for humans. However, a very small number of molds can cause disease. These molds can be divided into two categories: (1) primary pathogens such as Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioidomycosis, Blastomyces brasiliensis, Blastomyces germans and Spirulina; (2) The so-called opportunistic fungal infections, such as various types of Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus and Mucor. Deep mycosis often secondary to infection, often occurs in the body balance disorders and a variety of causes of immune dysfunction in patients. In recent years