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目的为尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮支链岛状皮瓣修复前臂和手指缺损提供解剖学基础。方法 12侧肘关节以上部位截肢的上肢新鲜标本,10侧采用乳胶灌注肱动脉,2侧用乙酸乙酯和塑料灌注肱动脉制作铸型标本,解剖观测尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮支的起始、走行、分布和吻合情况,并对其外径进行测量。结果以尺骨茎突尖端到手背尺侧第5掌指关节部位作为一个单位长度。尺动脉腕上皮支下行支发出的远段皮支2.3支,远段皮支血管聚集点约在第5掌骨颈部,到第5掌指关节的距离占总单位长度的(18.2±7.0)%;近段皮支4.4支,近段皮支血管聚集点约在第5掌骨基底部,到第5掌指关节的距离占总单位长度的(66.4±16.7)%。尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮支在桡尺侧的分布无显著性差异。尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮支在手背尺侧浅筋膜内相互吻合,形成与尺动脉腕上皮支下行支相平行的皮支链,并营养相应的皮肤。结论尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮支链岛状皮瓣可用于修复手指或前臂较小的皮肤缺损,而且不损伤其主干血管。
Objective To provide the anatomical basis for the repair of the forearm and finger defects by the descending branches of the branch of the ulnar artery of the ulnar artery. Methods 12 cases of amputation of upper limbs above the elbow of the fresh specimens, 10 sides of the brachial artery perfusion, 2 sides of the brachial artery with ethyl acetate and plastic infusion of cast specimens, anatomical observation of the descending branch of the ulnar artery branch of the ulnar artery Start, walk, distribution and anastomosis, and its outer diameter measurements. Results The ulnar styloid process to the dorsal ulnar 5th metacarpophalangeal joint as a unit length. In the distal branch of the ulnar artery of the ulnar artery, 2.3 distal branches were found, and the distance between the distal metacarpopular branches and the 5th metacarpal joint was about 18.2 ± 7.0% ; The proximal dermoid branch was 4.4, and the proximal lesion was located at the base of the 5th metacarpal. The distance from the 5th metacarpophalangeal joint was (66.4 ± 16.7)% of the total unit length. There was no significant difference in the distribution of descending branch branches of ulnar artery on the ulnar ulnar side. The descending branch branches of the ulnar artery of the ulnar artery are anastomosed to each other in the superficial fascia of the dorsal surface of the ulnar artery to form a dermal branch parallel to the descending branches of the ulnar artery of the ulnar artery and nourish the corresponding skin. Conclusions The descending branches of the branch of the ulnar artery of the ulnar artery can be used to repair small skin defects of the fingers or forearms without damaging the main blood vessels.