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充分发挥自然保护区的保护成效是实现生物多样性保护目标的关键,开展保护成效评估对促进国家级自然保护区的有效管理和宏观决策具有重要意义.本研究以10年为评估时间尺度,以保护目标物种为评估重点,采用频度统计法、专家咨询法、层次分析法(AHP)及案例调研法,率先构建了我国陆生脊椎动物(除候鸟外)类型国家级自然保护区保护成效评估指标体系.该评估框架包括1个目标层、2个系统层、9个因素层和40个指标层,其中系统层包括生态有效性评估(分值占60%)和管理有效性评估(分值占40%).生态有效性评估以目标物种种群及其生境动态变化为主;管理有效性评估注重资源监测、日常巡护等管理行动评估;赋分区主要针对人类活动对保护区目标物种种群及自然资源影响的评估.本研究首次将生态有效性和管理有效性有机结合,注重时空动态变化,区分人为因素的影响与自然变化的结果,将评估指标量化,可促进我国野生动物资源的科学保护、自然保护区的有效管理与宏观规划决策.
It is of great significance to give full play to the conservation effectiveness of nature reserves in order to achieve the goal of biodiversity conservation and to carry out the evaluation of conservation effectiveness in order to promote the effective management and macro decision-making of the national nature reserves.Taking the 10-year evaluation time scale as the basis, To protect the target species as the key point of assessment, the method of frequency statistics, expert consultation, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and case study were adopted to construct the first national natural reserve protection assessment for terrestrial vertebrates (except migratory birds) The evaluation framework includes one target layer, two system layers, nine factor layers and 40 indicator layers. Among them, the system layer includes the evaluation of ecological effectiveness (60% of points) and management effectiveness evaluation (points Accounting for 40%) .Effective assessment of ecological efficiency mainly focuses on the dynamic changes of target species and their habitats; evaluation of management effectiveness focuses on assessment of management activities such as resource monitoring and daily patrolling; Assessment of Natural Resources Impacts This study, for the first time, organically combines ecological effectiveness with managerial effectiveness, pays attention to the dynamic changes in space and time, and distinguishes between human factors The result of ringing and natural change quantifying the evaluation index can promote the scientific protection of wildlife resources in our country, the effective management of the nature reserves and the macro-planning decision-making.