范畴是认知的基本概念,在人类认识世界的过程具有重要意义。从古至今形成了两种主要的范畴理论:经典范畴理论和原型范畴理论。通过对两者的阐释和比较,本文指出两者各自的优势与缺陷,以及它们对认知的影响。 Category is the basic concept of cognition, which is of great significance in the process of human understanding of the world. Since ancient times, two main categories of theory have been formed: classical category theory and prototype category theory. Through the interpretation and comparison of the two, this paper points out the respective advantages and disadvantages of both and their impact on cognition.