常规起降航母阶段“基辅”级及其改进型航母的服役改善和加强了苏联海军水面舰艇编队的作战能力,但这4艘航母以及2艘“莫斯科”级上的直升机、垂直/短距起降飞机并不能满足苏联海军对海上编队的反潜、防空和制空作战要求。苏联海军认为:在冷战局势愈演愈烈的大背景下,其航母上必须装备超音速的、作战半径大的常规起降歼击战斗机才能与强大的美国航母及其舰载 Conventional take-off and landing aircraft carrier phase “Kiev ” class and improved aircraft carrier’s service to improve and strengthen the combat capability of the Soviet Navy surface warship formation, but the four aircraft carriers and two “Moscow” level helicopters, vertical Short-range takeoff and landing aircraft and can not meet the Soviet naval anti-submarine, anti-aircraft and air combat requirements of the formation. The Soviet Navy believes that under the background of intensified cold war situation, its carrier must be equipped with a supersonic and conventional combat take-off and landing fighter jumbo capable of cooperating with the mighty U.S. carrier and its carrier-based