我国高赖氨酸玉米育种起始于１９７３ 年，终止于１９９５ 年底，历经２０ 多年，并取得了一定成效，但最终归于失败。该文对我国高赖氨酸玉米育种的历程做了详细叙述，同时对其经验教训予以总结，以便对以后的育种者有所裨益。不注重种质基础改良，育种方法缺乏探索，对育种材料上存在的不良性状没有予以足够的重视是我国高赖氨酸玉米育种失败的主要原因。 China’s high lysine corn breeding started in 1973, ended in late 1995, after more than 20 years, and achieved some success, but eventually failed. This article describes the history of high-lysine corn breeding in China and at the same time sums up its experiences and lessons so as to be beneficial to future breeders. Without paying attention to the basic improvement of germplasm and the lack of exploration of breeding methods, the lack of attention to the bad traits existing in breeding materials is the main reason for the failure of high-lysine corn breeding in China.