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目的调查一起学校急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,查明原因,采取针对性措施,及时有效控制疫情。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,描述病例分布和临床特征,分析危险因素;采集病例、食堂工作人员肛拭子,桶装水、食物样本,饮水机、食堂餐具涂抹样等标本,进行实验室检测。结果本次疫情涉及7所学校,共有病例259例,学生罹患率为2.53%,教职员工罹患率为0.13%。在33份病例肛拭子样本中,6份检出诺如病毒GII型阳性;9份未开封桶装水中,4份菌落总数和大肠菌群均超标,2份大肠菌群超标,1份菌落总数超标,部分结果严重超标。桶装水溯源调查发现海盐县发病学校使用桶装水的生产厂家及生产时间与同期邻近市诺如病毒暴发疫情学校使用桶装水的生产厂家及生产时间相同。两地送检的12份未开封桶装水水样中1份诺如病毒阳性。检测用于生产水源的溪水,结果诺如病毒阳性。结论本次疫情为一起由GII型诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,主要为饮用不洁桶装水所致。
Objective To investigate a school outbreak of acute gastroenteritis outbreak, identify the cause, take targeted measures, timely and effective control of the outbreak. Methods Epidemiological survey methods were used to describe the distribution and clinical features of cases and to analyze the risk factors. Samples, such as anal swabs, barreled water, food samples, drinking fountains and canteen smear specimens were collected from laboratories Detection. Results The epidemic involved 7 schools with a total of 259 cases, the student attack rate was 2.53%, and the staff attack rate was 0.13%. Of the 33 samples of anal swabs, 6 were positive for norovirus GII; 9 of the unopened barrels had an excess of 4 colonies and coliforms, 2 coliform excess, 1 colony The total number of exceeded, some of the results seriously exceeded. Bottled water traceability survey found that schools in Haiyan incidence of bottled water manufacturers and production time and the adjacent city of Norovirus outbreaks in the same period the school bottled water production and use of the same production time. One of 12 Norovirus positive samples in 12 unopened barreled water samples submitted for clearance. Detection of streams used to produce water, the result Norovirus positive. Conclusions The outbreak was an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by GII Norovirus. The outbreak was mainly caused by drinking dirty drums.