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现代国际经济已进入高科技时代,高技术产业具有明显的规模报酬递增性质及对传统产业的溢出效应,并且相应的市场结构呈现垄断竞争的特点。近年来,我国每年科技进步贡献率只有30％左右(发达国家60％～80％左右),科技成果转化率和专利实施率不到15％和10％(发达国家70％～80％左右),真正具有“原创性”的重大自主知识产权的成果及其转化率就更低。这对于我国经济发展及结构调整将会产生很大负面影响。造成这种状况的因素很多,这里只就一些重大的、根本性致因作一分析,建议采取切实措施,解决科技创新及其产业化的上、中、下游各自为政的分割局面。
The modern international economy has entered a high-tech era. The high-tech industry has obvious characteristics of increasing returns to scale and spillover effects on traditional industries. The corresponding market structure is characterized by monopolistic competition. In recent years, China’s annual contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is only about 30% (about 60% to 80% in developed countries), the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements and patent implementation rate of less than 15% and 10% (about 70% to 80% in developed countries) Achievements and conversion rates of major independent intellectual property rights that are truly “original” are even lower. This will have a great negative impact on China’s economic development and structural readjustment. There are many factors that cause this situation. Here, we only analyze some major and fundamental causes and suggest that concrete measures should be taken to resolve the fragmentation of the fragmented nature of science, technology and innovation in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the country.