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作为现今世界宪政实践最为长久而成功的国度,美国宪法在其实施过程中展现出来了相当程度的弹性及自我完善能力。这一方面体现了美国宪法制定者在制宪过程中的“妥协者”的身份,另一方面也是司法机构在宪法实施过程中积极作用的展现。本文试图通过Texas v.Johnson案来理解美国的言论自由边界的变迁及其背后的司法机构对宪法的时代性的理解,并由此为我国宪政建设提供一些值得借鉴的经验。
As the most long-standing and successful country in constitutional practice in the world today, the United States Constitution shows a considerable degree of flexibility and self-improvement in its implementation. On the one hand, it reflects the identity of the “constitutional” of the American constitutional lawmakers in the constitution-making process and, on the other hand, the active role of the judiciary in the constitutional implementation process. This article attempts to understand the changes of the U.S. freedom of speech and the judiciary behind the Texas v. Johnson case to understand the constitutionality of the times, and thus provide some lessons for our constitutional construction.